Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia dan Mesir (Historis, Kurikulum, Tantangan, Implikasi)

Authors

  • Rini Eka Lestari Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda
  • Sri Susmiati Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda
  • Sabran Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32764/joems.v9i2.1738

Keywords:

Integrasi kurikulum, Pendidikan Indonesia, Pendidikan Mesir, Perbandingan Pendidikan

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to comparatively analyze Islamic education policies in Indonesia and Egypt by examining their historical, political, institutional, curricular aspects, and challenges.

Methodology/approach: This research employs a qualitative literature study with a comparative approach, focusing on differences and similarities between Islamic education policies in Indonesia and Egypt. Data sources are obtained from relevant academic journal articles, and data are analyzed using content analysis techniques.

Findings: The findings indicate that Islamic education in Indonesia has evolved from the traditional pesantren and madrasah systems, which have subsequently been integrated into the national education system under the coordination of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. The Indonesian system is characterized by decentralization, inclusivity, and a balanced integration of religious and general knowledge, reflecting the country’s socio-cultural context. In contrast, Islamic education in Egypt is highly institutionalized and centralized through Al-Azhar University, which maintains a long historical continuity and emphasizes the study of turats (classical Islamic heritage) and classical scholarly authority. These differences reflect two contemporary models of Islamic education: one that is open and adaptive to modern developments, and another that is strong in preserving tradition and classical scholarly authority.

Practical implications: Indonesia can enhance the quality of Islamic education through the integration of religious and general curricula, the improvement of teacher competencies, and international collaboration with Egypt.

Originality/value: The novelty of this study lies in the typology of adaptive-integrative and authoritative-traditional models. This typology theoretically explains the dynamics between adapting to modernity and preserving classical scholarly traditions.

References

Asmuri, A., Darimus, D., & Putra, J. S. (2024). Kebijakan pendidikan Islam di sekolah. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 6(2), 507–520.

Azmiyah, A., Yafi, S., Zulmuqim, Z., & Masyhudi, F. (2024). Kajian dinamika Universitas Al-Azhar dan reformasi pendidikan di Mesir serta pengaruhnya terhadap dunia Islam. Tanjak: Sejarah Dan Peradaban Islam, 4(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.19109/tanjak.v4i2.22728

Cowen, R. (2014). Ways of knowing, outcomes and ‘comparative education’: Be careful what you pray for. Comparative Education, 50(3), 282–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050068.2014.921370

Dayem, F. G. A., Fikri, A., & Susilo, M. J. (2024). Analisis kebijakan pendidikan Islam di Al-Azhar, Mesir pada era kontemporer. Buletin Edukasi Indonesia, 3(1), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.56741/bei.v3i01.519

Farid, M. F. Y. B., Mauludin, H., & Roziqin, A. (2025). Pembentukan identitas muslim di era globalisasi berbasis nilai-nilai Islam. Action Research Journal Indonesia (ARJI), 7(3), 1827–1837.

Fatmal, A. B., Yasin, J. A., & Syukur, S. (2025). Epistemologi reformisme Islam abad ke-19 di Mesir: Transformasi historis pemikiran Jamaluddin al-Afghani dan Muhammad Abduh. Batuthah: Jurnal Sejarah Padaban Islam, 4(2), 161–176.

Irma, D. (2025). Peran akreditasi dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan tinggi: Kajian kebijakan di Indonesia. IHSAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(3), 513–520. https://doi.org/10.61104/ihsan.v3i3.1264

Kurahman, O. T., Hidayat, W. H., Suganda, A., & Muttaqien, Q. H. (2025). Manajemen pendidikan Islam berbasis akhlakul karimah: Kolaborasi antara lingkungan Islami dan pembiayaan modern. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 3(1), 258–274. https://doi.org/10.69698/jpai.v3i1.835

Lestari, R. E., Shalihudin, A. F., & Khojir, K. (2023). Perbandingan pendidikan: Kurikulum pendidikan antara pendidikan di Indonesia dan Finlandia. Borneo Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 129–141.

Makmur, S. (2023). Kesalahan penafsiran komunikasi, sumber daya disposisi dan struktur birokrasi dalam implementasi kebijakan. Lentera: Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(3), 172–176.

Mildawati, T., & Tangngareng, T. (2023). Jenis-jenis pendidikan (formal, nonformal dan informal) dalam perspektif Islam. Vifada Journal of Education, 1(2), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.70184/w33a8b87

Nakissa, A. (2022). Islam and the cognitive study of colonialism: The case of religious and educational reform at Egypt’s Al-Azhar. Journal of Global History, 17(3), 394–417. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740022821000267

Nurazizah, E., Astria, G., & Faelasup, F. (2025). Sejarah perkembangan pendidikan Islam di Nusantara: Studi literatur tentang pondok pesantren dan madrasah. Jurnal Miftahul Ilmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 2(3), 117–131. https://doi.org/10.59841/miftahulilmi.v2i3.161

Nurfajrin, N. P., Zuhdi, M., & Rusadi, B. E. (2025). Analisis isi kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam di madrasah berdasarkan Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Advances In Education Journal, 2(3), 2157–2166.

Ondeng, S., Zainuddin, F. M., Ibrahim, A., & Usman, S. (2025). Transformasi pendidikan Islam di era globalisasi dan modernisasi. Referensi, 3(2), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.59638/referensi.V3i2.784

Puspita, A., Ma’wa, T. J., Purnawijaya, M. R., & Fadhil, A. (2025). Modernisasi pendidikan Islam di Indonesia: Kajian historis terhadap transformasi lembaga dan metodenya. Mesada: Journal of Innovative Research, 2(2), 1228–1239.

Rinjani, C., & Napu, H. (2022). Pendidikan modern: Kajian terhadap Universitas Al-Azhar dan pembaharuan pendidikan di Mesir. Ikhtisar: Jurnal Pengetahuan Islam, 2(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.55062/ijpi.v2i1.35

Rizqi, R. M., Maulana, A. R., Pratama, A., & Yudra, M. D. (2025). Kebijakan pendidikan Islam dan kebutuhan sosial. PIJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 3(3), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.58540/pijar.v3i3.956

Sari, D. A., Ilianti, R. F. P., Narfais, A. D. M., Yogasara, W., Adywibowo, I. P., Tiningsih, E., P. D. M. N., D. W. Y., & D. W. (2026). Analisis kebijakan pendidikan kontemporer: Pendekatan kritis, desentralisasi, dan inovasi kebijakan. CV. Penerbit Ilmu Literasi dan Riset (Pilar).

Siregar, J. A., Sari, Z. A., Firstisya, P., Junatama, R. T., & Ahmad, A. (2025). Perbandingan integrasi nilai-nilai Islam dan ilmu pengetahuan dalam sistem pendidikan di Indonesia dan Mesir. Maximal Journal: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya Dan Pendidikan, 3(2), 16–22.

Sofiani, I. K., Indiyani, I., Juanda, N., & Az-Zahra, N. (2025). Perbandingan pendidikan Islam di sekolah umum antara Indonesia dan Mesir. Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 3(6), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.62281/v3i6.1995

Susanti, D., Asha, L., & Fakhruddin. (2025). Rekonstruksi teori dan kebijakan pendidikan luar sekolah: Pendekatan dalam konteks pendidikan Islam kontemporer. AL-MANAR: Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Pendidikan Islam, 14(1), 535–548. https://doi.org/10.36668/jal.v14i1.1370

Tusyadiah, H., & Jannah, R. (2024). Perbandingan sistem pendidikan agama di Indonesia dan Mesir yang menjadi daya tarik mahasiswa Indonesia untuk menuntut ilmu di Mesir. Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 2(12), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.62281/v2i12.1111

Usman, Lubna, & Dzulfahmi, A.-A. M. (2025). Analysis of learning and assessment models in religious studies courses at the State Islamic University of Mataram and Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt. Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Education and Science Development, 3(1), 7–23.

Published

19-04-2026

How to Cite

Lestari, R. E., Susmiati, S., & Sabran , S. (2026). Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia dan Mesir (Historis, Kurikulum, Tantangan, Implikasi). JoEMS : Journal of Education and Management Studies, 9(2), 179–195. https://doi.org/10.32764/joems.v9i2.1738

Issue

Section

Articles